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                                Tense

 There are mainly five different forms of the verb. They are:

      go,    went,   gone,    going,     goes                

        V₁      V₂           V₃           V₄        V₅

_Structures

_{PRESENT TENSE}

1. Simple present tense: S+V1/V5+O.

2. Present Continuous: S+ is/am/are+V4+O

3. Present Perfect: S+has/have+V3+O

4. Present Perfect Continuous: S+has/have

PAST TENSE

5. Simple Past: S+V2+O.

6. Past Continuous: S+ was/were+V4+O

7. Past Perfect: S+had+V3+O

8. Past Perfect Continuous: S+had+been+V4+O 

_{FUTURE TENSE}

9. Simple Future: S+will/shall+V1+O.

10. Future Continuous: S+ will/shall+be+V4+O

11. Future Perfect: S+ will/shall+ have+V3+O

12. Future Perfect Continuous: S+will/shall +have+ been+ V4+O 

1. Simple Present Tense: S+V1/V5+O.

     Singular subject except (I) eg. He/She/It/Mira        -V5 

     Plural subject like I/We/You/They/ Children            -V1

·   This tense is used to express

    a. habitual actions/  regular or daily activities/ universal or general truth 

    b. time table 

    c. with the time adverbs like:

       always, regularly, usually, sometimes, generally, often, seldom, occasionally,         never, frequently, constantly, rarely, hardly, nowadays, daily,                                 everyday/week/month/year, today, this day, these days etc.

2. Present Continuous: S+ is/am/are+V4+O

    Singular subject (He/She/It/A boy)           - is

    I                                                                - am

    Plural subject (We/You/They/The girls)     - are

     This tense is used 

        a. with the time adverbs:

               now, still, at present, at the moment, at this time

·          b. after imperative sentences.

3. Present Perfect: S+has/have+V3+O

    Singular subject (He/She/It/Ram/ A dog) - has

    I- have

    Plural subject (We/You/They/The girls) - are

     This tense is used 

         a. with recent past actions which still have results

         b. with the time adverbs:

                already, just, recently, yet, lately

                since + time point [since 2001]

                for + time period [ for 19 years]

·         c. to express interesting event or experience of life

4. Present Perfect Continuous: S+has/have+been+V4+O.

                This tense is used to express the action that began in the past which is                     still going on.

PAST TENSE

5. Simple Past: S+V2+O.

     This tense is used 

  a. with the time adverbs:

Yesterday, ago, before, in 2007, in the past, last week/month/year etc.

6. Past Continuous: S+ was/were+V4+O.

          Plural subject (We/You/They/ The boys)    -were              

          Singular Subject (I/He/She/It/A boy)          - was

    This tense is used 

          a. with the past action which continued for some time

7. Past Perfect: S+had+V3+O

     

    This tense is used 

      a. for the action which was completed or happened before the latter action 

            in the past            

8. Past Perfect Continuous: S+had+been+V4+O 

 This tense is used to express very long action which happened in the past. 

9. Simple Future: S+will/shall+V1+O.

  This tense is used

    a. to express simple future actions:

     b. with these time adverbs:

         tomorrow, soon, shortly, in the future, in the coming days

         next week/month/year etc.

10. Future Continuous: S+ will/shall+be+V4+O.

    This tense is used to express ongoing action in future.

11. Future Perfect: S+ will/shall+ have+V3+O.

    This tense is used with by+future time.

12. Future Perfect Continuous: S+will/shall +have+ been+ V4+O 

     this tense is used to express the action which will be in progress over a period 

       of time will end in the future time.

    by/before + Future time and  for + period of time

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