Unit 5 (Science and Experiment) Class 10- PART I

 Unit 5 : Science and Experiment

Reading I (page 68)

Yes, You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature (Page 68)

A. Find the words from the text that have the following meanings.

a.  the height of an object or point in relation to sea level o ground level

b. a group of atoms bonded together

c. a state in which opposing forces are balanced

d. to change from a gas or vapour to a liquid

e. a piece of unreliable information that is repeated so often that it is accepted as the fact life

f. a space or container from which the air has been removed

g. a device that is used to remove blockages from the drain of a basin or tub

Answer:

a. altitude

b. molecule

c. equilibrium

d. condense

e. factoid

f. vacuum

g. plunger

 

B. Complete the sentences with the correct words or phrases from the text.

a. Water bubbles breakdown if vapour ........ inside and out- side the bubbles is equal.

b. As the altitude goes up, the boiling point of water ….....

c. Random motion of molecules or particles is called …....

d. If the door does not open, try ..........the key in the lock.

e. Certain chemicals can …..... undesirable changes in the nervous system.

Answer:

a. Water bubbles breakdown if vapour pressure inside and outside the bubbles is equal.

b. As the altitude goes up, the boiling point of water decreases.

c. Random motion of molecules or particles is called thermal motion.

d. If the door does not open, try pushing the key in the lock.

e. Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.

C. Answer these questions.

a. What is the speed of the water particles compared with?

b. How are bubbles formed in the boiling water?

c. Mention two things on which external pressure depends.

d. How is the atmosphere related to the pressure of water?

e. What would happen if the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased?

f. What would the experimenter gain if she pulled the plunger out?

Answer:

a. The speed of the water particles is compared with the height of a group of adult humans.

b. Bubbles are formed in boiling water when water molecules have enough energy to push back other water molecules in the liquid phase.

c. External pressure depends on the depth of water and the density of water.

d. The atmosphere is related to the pressure of water as it contributes to the total pressure on the surface of the liquid. The atmosphere pushes down on the surface of the liquid, which increases the pressure in the liquid. So, the pressure of water is affected by both the atmospheric pressure and the pressure exerted by the water itself.

e. If the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased, it would also decrease the pressure in the liquid. If the pressure is reduced enough to bring it down to the same level as the vapor pressure, the water particles will have enough energy to form boiling bubbles without needing to increase the temperature.

f. If the experimenter pulls the plunger out, it would decrease the pressure in the liquid and induce boiling.

D. What would happen on the Earth if there were no gravity?

If there were no gravity on Earth, things that were previously held down by gravity would float away into space. It is safe to say that life as we know it would not be possible without the force of gravity at work. We cannot imagine life as we know it without gravity. In essence, life as we know it would be impossible without gravity. We wouldn't be able to live what we know today without the force of gravity, and that is essentially what makes life possible. It is crucial to remember that without gravity, life as we know it would be impossible. The force of gravity plays an essential role in life as we know it, and without it, all life as we know it would be impossible. In essence, life as we know it would not be possible without the force of gravity, as it acts as an engine to propel us forward. It is obvious that life as we know it would not be possible without the force of gravity that we understand so well. Without gravity, life as we know it would be impossible and that has been proven time and again.

 

Grammar I (page 75)

A. Match the clauses with their appropriate continuation.

a. If you go to Taplejung     i. if you follow the doctor's advice.

b. You will get well soon    ii. unless you go behind it.

c. The horse won't kick you iii. you can see the Pathibhara temple.

d. If I were you                     iv. if you heat water?

e. What happens                   v. if I did not reach the bus stop on time.

f. I would miss the bus        vi. I would see a doctor.

g. Provided that they discussed properly vii. they won't have misunderstanding.

h. As long as they communicate well viii. the problem might be solved.

Answer:

a. If you go to Taplejung               iii. you can see the Pathibhara temple.

b. You will get well soon               i. if you follow the doctor's advice.

c. The horse won't kick you         ii. unless you go behind it.

d. If I were you                                vi. I would see a doctor.

e. What happens                              iv. if you heat water?

f. I would miss the bus                   v. if I did not reach the bus stop on time.

g. Provided that they discussed properly          vii. they won't have misunderstanding.

h. As long as they communicate well     viii. the problem might be solved.

B. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of verbs in brackets.

a. If it is cold, I …... (wear) a coat.

b. If Purna helps with the housework, his mother  ………. (have) more time for him.

c. If I were a bird, I ………….. (make) a good observation of the land below.

d. If I ………. (go) to Mustang, I would visit Muktinath.

e. If I ………. (be) a billionaire, I would buy a castle.

f. You'd save petrol if you …………. (drive) more carefully.

g. Say 'hello' if you ……. (see) her.

h. Provided that you ……. (consent) , I will take a few days' leave next week.

i. Take care of the pence, the pounds ………….. (take) care of themselves.

Answer:

a. If it is cold, I will wear a coat.

b. If Purna helps with the housework, his mother will have more time for him.

c. If I were a bird, I would make a good observation of the land below.

d. If I went to Mustang, I would visit Muktinath.

e. If I were a billionaire, I would buy a castle.

f. You'd save petrol if you drove more carefully. g. Say 'hello' if you see her.

h. Provided that you consent, I will take a few days' leave next week.

i. Take care of the pence, the pounds will take care of themselves.

 

Writing I

Write stepwise instructions to draw a jellyfish as given below. You may use the following words and phrases.

[circle, lines, semi-straight, creaky, on top of, above, below]

Answer:

How to Draw a Jellyfish; Step-by-step instructions:

Ø  Start by drawing a large circle in the center of your paper.

Ø  From the bottom of the circle, draw a series of long, semi-straight lines that taper towards the ends. These lines will form the tentacles of the jellyfish.

Ø  Above the circle, draw a slightly smaller circle for the bell or the top part of the jellyfish.

Ø  Add some curved lines on the inside of the top circle to give it a creaky appearance.

Ø  Inside the body of the jellyfish (the larger circle), draw some small, curved lines to represent the internal organs.

Ø  On top of the bell (the smaller circle), draw two large, round eyes.

Ø  Draw a few curved lines or patterns on each tentacle to give them texture and make them look more interesting.

Ø  You can also draw small semi-circles or dots along the length of the tentacles.

Ø  Now, it's time to add some color to your jellyfish! Use your creativity to choose the colors you like.

Ø  Finally, add a watery background to complete the scene.

 

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